Analysis of the mechanisms of development of the immune response in hepatitis B virus infection and ways to improve the effectiveness of vaccination
AbstractCurrently, a number of recombinant hepatitis B vaccines with a proven immunogenicity and safety profile are used in medical practice. Vaccination against this infection within the framework of national immunization programs in different countries of the world, including in Russia, helped to reduce the incidence of hepatitis B. However, despite the availability of effective drugs, there are groups of people who do not respond well to vaccination. Since the severity of the immune response to the hepatitis B virus is determined by many factors, an active search for approaches to improve the effectiveness of immunoprophylaxis in this infection continues. The article discusses the main ways of developing immune responses in hepatitis B virus infection, provides information on ways to improve the effectiveness of vaccination against this pathogen, one of which is the use of adjuvants. A brief description of the registered hepatitis B vaccines containing various adjuvants is presented. The main mechanisms of their action are considered; the results of a number of preclinical and clinical studies of modern hepatitis B vaccines using new adjuvants, which may be promising in terms of increasing the immunoge-nicity of vaccines, are summarized. Understanding the features of the formation of immunity against the hepatitis B virus in combination with the study of the mechanisms of action of new adjuvants will contribute to the creation of modern drugs that provide a balanced stimulation of the humoral and cellular immune response against the hepatitis B virus.
Keywords:prevention; infection; hepatitis B virus; vaccine; adjuvant; immune response; immunity
For citation: Avdeeva Zh.I., Alpatova N.A., Lysikova S.L., Gayderova L.A., Bondarev V.P. Analysis of the mechanisms of development of the immune response in hepatitis B virus infection and ways to improve the effectiveness of vaccination. Immunologiya. 2021; 42 (4): 403-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/0206-4952-2021-42-3-403-414 (in Russian)
Funding. The study was carried out in the framework of State task of the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products № 056-00005-21-00 for the applied scientific researches (R&D state register number 121022000147-4).
Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interests.
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