Interaction of dendritic cells with microorganisms capable of colonizing the intestine

Abstract

Introduction. The use of bacterial vectors is one of the possible ways to deliver vaccine antigens to mucous membranes to induce mucosal immunity. In our opinion, microorganisms suitable for this purpose should cause safe and, preferably, temporary colonization of mucous membranes and effectively induce immune responses, in particular, be well absorbed by antigen-presenting cells and cause their maturation.

The aim of the study – search for microorganisms suitable for use as vectors for live oral vaccines.

Material and methods. 8 different bacteria and yeast capable of permanent or temporary persistence in the gastrointestinal tract were used. We compared the phagocytosis of microorganisms by human monocyte-derived dendritic cells, as well as the effect of these microorganisms on the expression of CD83, CD86, CCR7, and CXCR5 molecules on dendritic cells.

Results. Susceptibility to phagocytosis and the ability to induce the maturation of dendritic cells are independent properties of microorganisms. For example, Escherichia coli actively induce the phenotypic maturation of dendritic cells, but are relatively weakly phagocytosed and brings little microbial material into dendritic cells. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Limosilactobacillus fermentum, on the contrary, are well absorbed by dendritic cells, but have little effect on their maturation.

Conclusion. Based on the indicators of phagocytosis and the ability to stimulate the maturation of dendritic cells, Bacillus cereus seems to be the most acceptable candidate for the role of a bacterial vector among the microorganisms used in the work.

Keywords:dendritic cells; phagocytosis; maturation; intestinal microorganisms

For citation: Talayev V.Yu., Zaichenko I.Ye., Svetlova M.V., Voronina E.V., Babaykina О.N., Soloveva I.V., Belova I.V., Tochilina A.G. Interaction of dendritic cells with microorganisms capable of colonizing the intestine. Immunologiya. 2022; 43 (4): 412–22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/0206-4952-2022-43-4-412-422 (in Russian)

Funding. The study had no sponsorship.

Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interests.

Authorsʼ contribution: article writing – Talayev V.Yu.; work with dendritic cells – Zaichenko I.Ye., Voronina E.V.; flow cytometry – Svetlova M.V.; work with microorganisms – Zaichenko I.E., Babaykina O.N., Soloveva I.V., Belova I.V., Tochilina A.G.

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